Course Objectives 课程目标
The aim of the study tour is to help nursing education and practice stakeholders to develop their understanding of palliative care and end of life care provision and education in the UK and China. This study tour will enable participants to learn about, experience and evaluate end of life and palliative care practice and interventions in the UK and to reflect on this practice within wider policy and research contexts. It will provide a forum for the exchange of ideas and enable participants to reflect on and debate different approaches to end of life care and to explore attitudes and moral challenges in this area of work. Participants will be facilitated to reflect critically on their own practice in the light of their experiences and learning. Given the high economic and environmental costs of international travel, we particularly want to support the development of effective and efficient tours.
课程的目的是协助护理教学以及帮助参与者提高对中英临终关怀认识程度。此课程促进参与者学习、实践与评估英国的临终关怀干预并使之反映到更广泛的政策与研究背景下。课程将提供一个广泛交换意见的平台使参与者反思与讨论不同的临终关怀方式，并探讨此工作领域的观念和道德挑战。参与者将更便捷地在体验和学习中反思自己的实践过程。鉴于高昂的国际旅费，我们特别希望能提供有效和高效的学习课程。

Key objectives: 核心目标

•Understanding palliative care and end of life care within UK and Chinese contexts
了解在英国和中国环境下的临终关怀
•Enhancing skills and competence in holistic assessment
技巧和能力的整体评估
•Identifying and evidencing best practice
识别与验证最佳实践法
•Selecting interventions based on best evidence
通过验证选择干预手段
•Evaluating interventions in practice
在实践中评估干预手段
•Reflecting on professional, and legal issues
专业性与法律性反思
•Involving service users and their carers
护理对象及护理人员
•Debating moral issues
道德问题的讨论
•Managing quality improvement and innovation
质量管理体系的改革与创新

Course Contents 课程内容
End of life care nursing in the UK
英国的临终关怀
Frameworks for practice in end of life care
临终关怀实践框架
Core values, knowledge and skills for working with people and their families at the end of life
核心价值观，临终关怀知识以及与患者家属配合技巧
Cultural aspects in relation to end of life care
临终关怀护理的文化因素
Policy and Politics: an introduction to the NHS
NHS（英国国民健康保险制度）政策介绍
Financial Drivers: how financial drivers affect the quality of care delivered by healthcare organisations and individuals
金融因素：金融如何影响医疗机构和个人的护理质量
Health assessment and history taking
健康评估与病史采集
Clinical decision making
临床决策
Person centred care
以人为本的护理
Focus on care for those requiring palliative care
重点临床护理
Pharmacology for end of life care
临终关怀药理学
Involving service users and carers and how to capitalise on their knowledge and experience
充分利用服务对象和护理人员的知识与经验
Sharing good practice, teaching, assessing and disseminating information
分享良好的实践，教学，评估和传播资讯
Focus on research and evidence based practice,- making sense of evidence, evaluating and using evidence, research in practice.
专注于研究和循环实践，证据的实际意义，证据的评估与使用，在实践中研究
Professional issues- autonomy and accountability
专业性问题的自主权和问责权
Using and setting standards, guidelines and benchmarks
使用和设定标准，原则和基准
The concept of clinical governance
临床管理的概念
Death and Dying- What is a good death?
死亡与临终-- 什么是好的终结？
Exploring values and beliefs in end of life care reflecting on transcultural values and beliefs
临终关怀的跨文化价值观与信仰的探索
Ethical decision-making
伦理决策
Spirituality as a nursing concept
护理观念的精神
Managing and improving quality- evaluating and using performance indicators
质量管理与提高-评价与使用性能指标
Lean principles
精益原则
Managing relationships with service users and carers and other professionals
服务对象，护理人员以及相关职业的关系管理
Enhancing practice- innovation- adopting, evaluating and disseminating good practice
加强实践创新与应用，评估与普及优秀实践方法
Course Durations (China + UK) 课程时间
8 Weeks duration in UK 在英国学习时间为8周
•7 weeks planned, facilitated study activities
•7周 计划、协调课程培训
•8th week free choice to explore an issue of personal I nterest in End of Life Care
•第八周自由选择与临终关怀相关的课题
•Taught consolidation week in Beijing 6 months after study tour course
•在北京6个月巩固教学
Teaching Methods 教学方法
(e.g. Lecture + Tutorial +Seminars + Skills Lab + Clinical Visits) （如：授课+辅导+研讨会+技能实验室+临床观摩）
The varied teaching activities have been designed to suit different learning outcomes but in summary will include:
设计不同教学活动，以提升学员的学习成果，有以下几种方式：
Weekly pre-sessional reading and directed on-line learning
一周一次课前阅读及网上学习指导
High quality tuition by experienced staff
授课人员经验丰富
Personal tutorial support
一对一辅导
Use of experienced translators
请专业翻译协助
Visits to Practice each week
每周均有实践观摩环节
Learning Zone sessions
学习区环节
guided Critical Reflection linking theory to practice
在引导下进行理论联系实践的批判和反思活动
Guided preparation for each following week’s study
帮助学员准备下一星期的内容
Cultural activities and visits each weekend
每周末均安排文化活动及访问
Teaching Methods: 教学方法
Lectures, seminars, case study analysis and problem solving, structured and guided tasks such as weekly journal entries or reflective pieces, Students will participate in practical experience in simulation laboratories and in clinical environments, discussion groups, guided reading, guided reflection, supported by use of virtual learning site (Blackboard).
讲座，研讨会，案例学习以及问题解答，周期性的总结比如每周一次的日记分录或事件反思，学生将在模拟实验室与临床环境中实习获得经验，小组讨论，导读，引导反思，利用虚拟教学现场学习。
As part of the study tour we have timetabled sessions called the learning zone. The learning zone will use a variety of reflective activities which are critical in maximising the transformational process in learning.
作为短期学习的一部分，我们安排了学习区环节。学习区将运用多种活动，最大限度的实现教学（与实践）的转化。
We encourage every visiting participant to record and embed their learning through the following activities:
我们鼓励参与者通过如下活动记录强化他们的学习：
•Keep a journal, to note down observations, reflections and insights, questions to ask, etc.
•写日记，观察笔记，记录思考过程、见解和问题等等
•Take photos (when appropriate) as a way of helping to record experiences and embed learning.
•（适当的时候）拍照片用以帮助记录经验和强化学习
•Take part in the learning zone activities to facilitate reflection and analyse how this has helped learning.
•参加学习区的活动促进思考和分析
•Be proactive, to ask questions, challenge and debate perspectives and interpretations and to investigate new ideas.
•积极主动，多提问，敢于挑战和辩论各种观点与解释，探索新思路
•Plan (with a facilitator’s help) how to share learning with a wider group of stakeholders on return to own practice environments
•计划如何在自己的实践团队中分享学习经验
Who Should Take This Course 课程对象
Senior nursing staff with an interest in improving the Palliative care and end of life service provision within their organisation or changing their career path to end of life health care.
有兴趣提高临终关怀服务与希望转向到临终护理方向的高级护理人员